LeetCode Solutions

			

class FenwickTree {
 public:
  FenwickTree(int n) : sums(n + 1) {}

  void update(int i, int delta) {
    while (i < sums.size()) {
      sums[i] += delta;
      i += lowbit(i);
    }
  }

  int get(int i) const {
    int sum = 0;
    while (i > 0) {
      sum += sums[i];
      i -= lowbit(i);
    }
    return sum;
  }

 private:
  vector<int> sums;

  static inline int lowbit(int i) {
    return i & -i;
  }
};

class Solution {
 public:
  int reversePairs(vector<int>& nums) {
    int ans = 0;
    unordered_map<long, int> ranks;
    getRanks(nums, ranks);
    FenwickTree tree(ranks.size());

    for (int i = nums.size() - 1; i >= 0; --i) {
      const long num = nums[i];
      ans += tree.get(ranks[num] - 1);
      tree.update(ranks[num * 2], 1);
    }

    return ans;
  }

 private:
  void getRanks(const vector<int>& nums, unordered_map<long, int>& ranks) {
    set<long> sorted(begin(nums), end(nums));
    for (const long num : nums)
      sorted.insert(num * 2);
    int rank = 0;
    for (const long num : sorted)
      ranks[num] = ++rank;
  }
};

			

struct SegmentTreeNode {
  int lo;
  int hi;
  int sum;
  SegmentTreeNode* left;
  SegmentTreeNode* right;
  SegmentTreeNode(int lo, int hi, int sum, SegmentTreeNode* left = nullptr,
                  SegmentTreeNode* right = nullptr)
      : lo(lo), hi(hi), sum(sum), left(left), right(right) {}
  ~SegmentTreeNode() {
    delete left;
    delete right;
    left = nullptr;
    right = nullptr;
  }
};

class SegmentTree {
 public:
  SegmentTree(const vector<int>& nums)
      : root(build(nums, 0, nums.size() - 1)) {}

  void update(int i, int val) {
    update(root.get(), i, val);
  }

  int sumRange(int i, int j) const {
    return sumRange(root.get(), i, j);
  }

 private:
  std::unique_ptr<SegmentTreeNode> root;

  SegmentTreeNode* build(const vector<int>& nums, int lo, int hi) const {
    if (lo == hi)
      return new SegmentTreeNode(lo, hi, nums[lo]);
    const int mid = (lo + hi) / 2;
    auto left = build(nums, lo, mid);
    auto right = build(nums, mid + 1, hi);
    return new SegmentTreeNode(lo, hi, left->sum + right->sum, left, right);
  }

  void update(SegmentTreeNode* root, int i, int val) {
    if (root->lo == i && root->hi == i) {
      root->sum += val;
      return;
    }
    const int mid = (root->lo + root->hi) / 2;
    if (i <= mid)
      update(root->left, i, val);
    else
      update(root->right, i, val);
    root->sum = root->left->sum + root->right->sum;
  }

  int sumRange(SegmentTreeNode* root, int i, int j) const {
    if (root->lo == i && root->hi == j)
      return root->sum;
    const int mid = (root->lo + root->hi) / 2;
    if (j <= mid)
      return sumRange(root->left, i, j);
    if (i > mid)
      return sumRange(root->right, i, j);
    return sumRange(root->left, i, mid) + sumRange(root->right, mid + 1, j);
  }
};

class Solution {
 public:
  int reversePairs(vector<int>& nums) {
    int ans = 0;
    unordered_map<long, int> ranks;
    getRanks(nums, ranks);
    SegmentTree tree(vector<int>(ranks.size() + 1));

    for (int i = nums.size() - 1; i >= 0; --i) {
      const long num = nums[i];
      ans += tree.sumRange(0, ranks[num] - 1);
      tree.update(ranks[num * 2], 1);
    }

    return ans;
  }

 private:
  void getRanks(const vector<int>& nums, unordered_map<long, int>& ranks) {
    set<long> sorted(begin(nums), end(nums));
    for (const long num : nums)
      sorted.insert(num * 2);
    int rank = 0;
    for (const long num : sorted)
      ranks[num] = ++rank;
  }
};

			

class Solution {
 public:
  int reversePairs(vector<int>& nums) {
    int ans = 0;
    mergeSort(nums, 0, nums.size() - 1, ans);
    return ans;
  }

 private:
  void mergeSort(vector<int>& nums, int l, int r, int& ans) {
    if (l >= r)
      return;

    const int m = (l + r) / 2;
    mergeSort(nums, l, m, ans);
    mergeSort(nums, m + 1, r, ans);
    merge(nums, l, m, r, ans);
  }

  void merge(vector<int>& nums, int l, int m, int r, int& ans) {
    const int lo = m + 1;
    int hi = m + 1;  // 1st index s.t. nums[i] <= 2 * nums[hi]

    // For each index i in range [l, m], add hi - lo to ans
    for (int i = l; i <= m; ++i) {
      while (hi <= r && nums[i] > 2L * nums[hi])
        ++hi;
      ans += hi - lo;
    }

    vector<int> sorted(r - l + 1);
    int k = 0;      // sorted's index
    int i = l;      // left's index
    int j = m + 1;  // right's index

    while (i <= m && j <= r)
      if (nums[i] < nums[j])
        sorted[k++] = nums[i++];
      else
        sorted[k++] = nums[j++];

    // Put possible remaining left part to the sorted array
    while (i <= m)
      sorted[k++] = nums[i++];

    // Put possible remaining right part to the sorted array
    while (j <= r)
      sorted[k++] = nums[j++];

    copy(begin(sorted), end(sorted), begin(nums) + l);
  }
};