LeetCode Solutions

			

class FenwickTree {
 public:
  FenwickTree(int n) : sums(n + 1) {}

  void update(int i, int delta) {
    while (i < sums.size()) {
      sums[i] += delta;
      i += lowbit(i);
    }
  }

  int get(int i) const {
    int sum = 0;
    while (i > 0) {
      sum += sums[i];
      i -= lowbit(i);
    }
    return sum;
  }

 private:
  vector<int> sums;

  static inline int lowbit(int i) {
    return i & -i;
  }
};

class Solution {
 public:
  vector<int> countSmaller(vector<int>& nums) {
    vector<int> ans(nums.size());
    unordered_map<int, int> ranks;
    getRanks(nums, ranks);
    FenwickTree tree(ranks.size());

    for (int i = nums.size() - 1; i >= 0; --i) {
      const int num = nums[i];
      ans[i] = tree.get(ranks[num] - 1);
      tree.update(ranks[num], 1);
    }

    return ans;
  }

 private:
  void getRanks(const vector<int>& nums, unordered_map<int, int>& ranks) {
    set<int> sorted(begin(nums), end(nums));
    int rank = 0;
    for (const int num : sorted)
      ranks[num] = ++rank;
  }
};

			

class FenwickTree {
  public FenwickTree(int n) {
    sums = new int[n + 1];
  }

  public void update(int i, int delta) {
    while (i < sums.length) {
      sums[i] += delta;
      i += lowbit(i);
    }
  }

  public int get(int i) {
    int sum = 0;
    while (i > 0) {
      sum += sums[i];
      i -= lowbit(i);
    }
    return sum;
  }

  private int[] sums;

  private static int lowbit(int i) {
    return i & -i;
  }
}

class Solution {
  public List<Integer> countSmaller(int[] nums) {
    List<Integer> ans = new ArrayList<>();
    Map<Integer, Integer> ranks = new HashMap<>();
    getRanks(nums, ranks);
    FenwickTree tree = new FenwickTree(ranks.size());

    for (int i = nums.length - 1; i >= 0; --i) {
      final int num = nums[i];
      ans.add(tree.get(ranks.get(num) - 1));
      tree.update(ranks.get(num), 1);
    }

    Collections.reverse(ans);
    return ans;
  }

  private void getRanks(int[] nums, Map<Integer, Integer> ranks) {
    SortedSet<Integer> sorted = new TreeSet<>();
    for (final int num : nums)
      sorted.add(num);
    int rank = 0;
    for (Iterator<Integer> it = sorted.iterator(); it.hasNext();)
      ranks.put(it.next(), ++rank);
  }
}

			

class FenwickTree:
  def __init__(self, n: int):
    self.sums = [0] * (n + 1)

  def update(self, i: int, delta: int) -> None:
    while i < len(self.sums):
      self.sums[i] += delta
      i += self._lowbit(i)

  def get(self, i: int) -> int:
    summ = 0
    while i > 0:
      summ += self.sums[i]
      i -= self._lowbit(i)
    return summ

  def _lowbit(self, i) -> int:
    return i & -i


class Solution:
  def countSmaller(self, nums: List[int]) -> List[int]:
    ans = []
    ranks = Counter()
    self._getRanks(nums, ranks)
    tree = FenwickTree(len(ranks))

    for num in reversed(nums):
      ans.append(tree.get(ranks[num] - 1))
      tree.update(ranks[num], 1)

    return ans[::-1]

  def _getRanks(self, nums: List[int], ranks: Dict[int, int]) -> None:
    rank = 0
    for num in sorted(set(nums)):
      rank += 1
      ranks[num] = rank